A plantar wart is a flat, rough, hard lump on the bottom of your foot. Plantar warts are most common in children and young adults, but anyone can get them. You may have a plantar wart for a few months or years.
What causes plantar warts?
Plantar warts are caused by a germ called human papillomavirus or HPV. HPV can enter the skin through cuts or scratches on the plantar area (bottom) of the foot. The virus infects the skin and causes some of the skin cells to grow too fast. This thick overgrowth of skin cells makes a plantar wart. Picking or scratching the wart may cause the virus to spread.
What are the signs and symptoms of plantar warts?
A plantar wart may be gray, brown, or the same color as your skin. It usually has blood vessels on it that look like tiny dark dots. You may have one plantar wart or a cluster of them. Your plantar wart may start small, but can grow larger.
A plantar wart often appears flat on the bottom of your foot. A plantar wart can grow deep into the skin and may cause pain when walking or standing. It may feel like a small rock in your shoe when you stand on it.
How are plantar warts treated?
Since many warts disappear in time, you may wait for your wart to go away. You may try using over-the-counter (OTC) wart medicine bought at a drug or grocery store. Your OTC wart medicine may come as a liquid, gel, or medicine pad. Always read label instructions carefully before using OTC wart medicine. Some people keep their wart covered with duct tape or adhesive tape to try to make it go away. If your wart is painful or does not go away, you may need to receive treatments from our doctor.
The most effective way is surgically remove warts. Before surgery, our doctor will give you skin numbing medicine. During surgery, our doctor may cut away the wart tissue with a scalpel (surgery knife). Then your caregiver may burn the wart and its blood vessels with an electric needle. Electricity goes into the needle to heat it, but does not go into your body.
Call (+65) 80859224 (24 Hours) Now to remove plantar warts today.
We have designed this Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Programme for sportsmen or any individual who needs to get back to sports or daily activities in a safe, fast and effective method.
The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the four primary ligaments around the knee joint. It is the major stabilising ligament of the knee. The ACL can be injured by trauma or sports. If the ligament is completely torn, it will not heal. At the time of injury, the following may occur:
a “POP” from the injured knee
rapid development of a swollen knee
inability to continue playing the game
The primary aim of the ACL programme is to achieve a stable knee so as to prevent further injuries to the meniscus and cartilage of the joint and the secondary aim is to enable patients to return to their favourite sports activities. This is a unique and comprehensive treatment programme specifically tailored for patients with an ACL injury.
ACL Reconstruction Surgery
During this surgery, the remnants of your torn ACL need to be removed, and a similar ligament from somewhere else around your knee is inserted in the place of the original ACL.
The grafts used are the medial hamstring tendons, the central third of your patellar tendon and occasionally, an “allograft” from a cadaver. You may speak to our surgeon regarding the advantages and disadvantages of these grafts.
How this programme will help you
The team will help you understand your injury and treatment options by providing relevant information and instructional aids. Your progress in this programme will be closely monitored by the attending Specialist Orthopaedic Surgeon and Sports Physiotherapist who will be with you until the end of your treatment.
You will have access to the latest technology and gym equipment to help you recover.
You will be trained on how to prevent future knee ligament injuries.
Who it is for
For people with ACL injuries to achieve a stable knee and prevent further injuries to the meniscus and cartilage of the joint and who want to return to their active lifestyle.
psLower LimbComments Off on Shin Splint (Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome)
What is Shin Splint (Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome)?
Shin Splints may develop in the muscles in the front and outer parts of the shin
Shin splint is the symptom of pain over the front of the tibial bone.
What are the Causes?
Shin splints are normally due to overuse. When the overuse causes irritation to the tendons and the attachment of these tendons to the bone, the condition is called medial tibial stress syndrome. It is commonly seen in athletes who suddenly increase their duration or intensity of training.
What are the Treatments?
The treatments are applying ice packs or perform ice massage for up to 20 minutes three times a day, take anti-inflammatory medication prescribed by a doctor, or perform rehabilitation exercises regularly e.g. swimming and cycling.
psLower LimbComments Off on Total Knee Replacement
There are several ways to treat the pain caused by arthritis. One way is total knee replacement surgery. The decision to have total knee replacementsurgery should be made very carefully after consulting your doctor and learning as much as you can about the knee joint, arthritis, and the surgery.
In total knee replacement surgery, the bone surfaces and cartilage that have been damaged by arthritis are removed and replaced with artificial surfaces made of metal and a plastic material. We call these artificial surfaces “implants”, or “prostheses”.
During Total Knee Replacement
The patient is first taken into the operating room and given anaesthesia. After the anaesthesia has taken effect, the skin around the knee is thoroughly scrubbed with an antiseptic liquid. The knee is flexed about 90 degrees and the lower portion of the leg, including the foot, is placed in a special device to securely hold it in place during the surgery. Usually a tourniquet is then applied to the upper portion of the leg to help slow the flow of blood during the surgery. An incision of appropriate size is then made.
Knee Flex at 90 degrees for preparation for surgery
Removing the Damaged Bone Surfaces
The damaged bone surfaces and cartilage are then removed by the surgeon. Precision instruments and guides are used to help make sure the cuts are made at the correct angles so the bones will align properly after the new surfaces (implants) are attached.
Small amounts of the bone surface are removed from the front, end, and back of the femur. This shapes the bone so the implants will fit properly. The amount of bone that is removed depends on the amount of bone that has been damaged by the arthritis.
A small portion of the top surface of the tibia is also removed, making the end of the bone flat.
The back surface of the patella (kneecap) is also removed.
Damaged Tibial Bone Surface
Attaching the Implants
An implant is attached to each of the three bones. These implants are designed so that the knee joint will move in a way that is very similar to the way the joint moved when it was healthy. The implants are attached using a special kind of cement for bones.
The implant that fits over the end of the femur is made of metal. Its surface is rounded and very smooth, covering the front and back of the bone as well as the end.
Femoral Implant Made of Metal
The implant that fits over the top of the tibia usually consists of two parts. A metal baseplate fits over the part of the bone that was cut flat. A durable plastic articular surface is then attached to the baseplate to serve as a spacer between the baseplate and the metal implant that covers the end of the femur.
Tibial Implant consists of two parts
The implant that covers the back of the patella is also made of a durable plastic.
Patellar Implant made of durable plastic
Artificial knee implants come in many designs. Some designs may have pegs, requiring small holes to be drilled into the bone after the damaged surfaces have been removed. Others may have central stems. In addition, some designs may allow screws to be used on the lower implant to provide added attachment security. The surgeon will choose the implant design that best meets the patient’s needs.
Implants with Pegged and Stemmed Design
Closing the Wound
If necessary, the surgeon may adjust the ligaments that surround the knee to achieve the best possible knee function.
When all of the implants are in place and the ligaments are properly adjusted, the surgeon sews the layers of tissue back into their proper position. A plastic tube may be inserted into the wound to allow liquids to drain from the site during the first few hours after surgery. The edges of the skin are then sewn together, and the knee is wrapped in a sterile bandage. The patient is then taken to the recovery room.
What Happens After the Total Knee Replacement
When you are back in your hospital room, you will begin in a rehabilitation program designed specially for you. This program will help you regain strength, balance, and get you back to the activities you enjoy. It may include a machine, called a continuous passive motion machine, that automatically moves your leg.
Your physical therapist will help you perform appropriate exercises. About 24 hours after surgery, you will probably be asked to stand. Within the next 24 hours, you will begin to walk a few steps with the help of a walker.
You will be discharged as soon as our surgeon determines that you have recovered sufficiently. You can expect to stay in the hospital for about three days after your surgery. Your bandages and sutures will usually be removed before you leave the hospital.
At home, you will need to continue your exercises. Your physical therapist will instruct you about proper home care, and may continue to work with you.
Within six weeks after surgery, most patients are able to walk with a cane. You will probably feel well enough to drive a car within seven to eight weeks after surgery.
In most cases, successful total knee replacement will relieve your pain and stiffness, and allow you to resume many of your normal daily activities.
psLower LimbComments Off on Knee Arthroscopy Using Key Hole Technique
What is arthroscopic knee surgery (keyhole surgery)?
It is usually a day case surgical procedure in which the inside of the knee is examined with a camera inserted through small cuts in the skin (usually one cut on each side of the knee cap). In most cases, performing the corrective surgery at the same time can solve the problem. In some cases further operation may be required.
Orthopaedic Surgeon Dr. Kevin Yip
When should I have an arthroscopy?
In the majority of cases, surgery for torn ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament), torn meniscus, removal of a loose piece of bone, biopsy and articular cartilage lesions can be performed using special instruments. The advantage of arthroscopic surgery over conventional surgery is less pain and usually quicker recovery.
Investigation required before surgery
At times, clinical examination would be sufficient to identify the problem. However, sometimes we may need to do some investigation to ascertain the root cause.
